मित्रों आज हम अँग्रेजी व्याकरण के अंतर्गत clause और types of clause के बारे मे सम्पूर्ण जानकारी प्राप्त करेगे|इसमे हम Noun clause , Adjective clause,और Adverb clause के बारे में जानकारी प्राप्त करेगे|यह व्याकरण परीक्षा की दृष्टि से महत्वपूर्ण है|
Table of Contents
⚫Clause
Clause के मुख्यतः दो प्रकार होते हैं।
➡️Principal clause (मुख्य उपवाक्य)
➡️Sub- ordinate clause(आश्रित उप वाक्य)
⚫Sub-ordinate clause के प्रकार
➡️The noun clause
➡️The adjective clause
➡️The adverb clause
Examples:
➡️I accept that he was wrong.
ऊपर के दिए गए उदाहरण में,
I accept……. principal clause है|
that he was wrong…… Sub ordinate clause है।
➡️I know well that you will get good marks in the examination.
I know well…….. principal clause
that you will get good marks in the examination………. Subordinate clause
⚫Noun clause(संज्ञा उपवाक्य)
वाक्य में Noun अर्थात संज्ञा का कार्य करता है।
Noun clause निम्नलिखित रूप से प्रयुक्त होता हैl
➡️As a subject of the verb
Examples:
◾What he said was false.
◾When I shall return is uncertain.
ऊपर के दिए गए वाक्य में noun clause(bold शब्द) का प्रयोग principal clause के verb के subject के रूप में हुआ है।
➡️As object of the verb
Examples:
◾He said that he would not read.
◾Tell me why he did it.
ऊपर के दिए गए वाक्य में Noun clause (bold शब्द) का प्रयोग principal clause के Verb के complement के रूप में किया गया है।
➡️As complement of the verb
Examples:
◾Life is what we make it॰
◾The truth is that he passed in the examination॰
Linking verb जैसे is, am, are ,was ,were के बाद आने वाली Clause को noun clause as a complement of verb कहते हैं।
➡️Governed by the preposition
◾Pay attention to what I say॰
◾All depends on how you work॰
⚫Adjective clause(विशेषण उपवाक्य)
वह आश्रित उपवाक्य जिसमें subject और predicate हो तथा वाक्य में विशेषण का कार्य करें।
ध्यान रखें- adjective clause अक्सर who , which,that,which ,why,where,who से शुरू होता है तथा इनके पहले Noun प्रयुक्त किया गया होता है।
Examples:
◾This is the book which I purchased yesterday.
◾He has a brother whom I know.
◾I went to the place where Mr Gupta lives.
◾Everybody loves the boy who speaks the truth.
⚫Adverb clause(क्रियाविशेषण उपवाक्य)
➡️Adverb class as a time(समय सूचक)
समय सूचक शब्द जैसे as ,as soon as, no sooner… than ,while ,as long as ,after ,till ,until इत्यादि का प्रयोग किया जाता हैl
Examples:
◾When he came, I met him
◾I reached after he had gone.
➡️Adverb clause of place (स्थान सूचक शब्द)
Where ,wherever जैसे शब्द ..
Examples:
◾Asked him wherever he may be found.
◾They went where the living was cheaper॰
➡️Adverb clause of reason(कारण सूचक शब्द)
Because, since for, as now ,as now that जैसे शब्दों से शुरुवात होती है|
Examples:
◾He was happy that he was selected.
◾I respect him because he is gentle.
➡️Adverb clause of purpose (उद्देश्य सूचक शब्द)
So, so that ,such that ,in order that, जैसे शब्दों से शुरुवात होती है|
Examples:
◾He works hard so that he may pass.
◾We eat so that we may live.
➡️Adverb clause of manner(ढंग)
As ,as if, as though ,according to जैसे शब्दों से शुरुवात होती है|
Examples:
◾He did as he was told.
◾It happened as I told you.
➡️Adverb clause of conditions (शर्त सूचक शब्द)
If, unless, if…. not ,whether …or ,provided, in case जैसे शब्दों से शुरुवात होती है|
Examples:
◾If you come ,I shall help you.
◾Unless you work hard ,you will fail
➡️Adverb clause of contrast(विरोधाभास)
Though, although,even if,however, all the same जैसे शब्दों से शुरुवात होती है|
Examples:
◾Though he is poor, he is honest.
◾I shall come, even if it rains॰
➡️Adverb clause of comparison (तुलनात्मक सूचक शब्द)
as….as,so…..as,the…..est,….er than,the …..est जैसे शब्दों से शुरुवात होती है |
Examples:
◾He is not so fool as you think.
◾He is older than you are.
➡️Adverb clause of result (परिणाम सूचक)
So….that,such….that जैसे शब्दों से शुरुवात होती है |
Examples:
◾He is so tired that he cannot walk.
◾It was so cold that many people died.
⚫ Exercise
Underline the clause and name what kind of it is.
➡️ When I came, he ran away.
➡️ If you wish to sleep now ,you may do so.
➡️ He sat down to rest because he was tired of play.
➡️ I met a boy who gave me your letter..
➡️ She denied that she had written the letter.
⚫English Speaking Course first day
⚫Future indefinite tense and future continuous tense
⚫Future perfect tense and future perfect continuous tence
⚫Past indefinite tense and past continuous tence
⚫Past perfect tense and past perfect continuous tence
⚫Present indefinite tense and present continuous tense
⚫Present perfect tense and present perfect continuous tence
